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Publication
Apolipoprotein A-IV: a protein intimately involved in metabolism.
Authors Wang F, Kohan AB, Lo CM, Liu M, Howles P, Tso P
Submitted By Patrick Tso on 7/24/2015
Status Published
Journal Journal of lipid research
Year 2015
Date Published 2/1/2015
Volume : Pages Not Specified : Not Specified
PubMed Reference 25640749
Abstract The purpose of this review is to summarize our current understanding of the
physiological roles of apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) in metabolism, and to
underscore the potential for apoA-IV to be a focus for new therapies aimed at
the treatment of diabetes and obesity-related disorders. ApoA-IV is primarily
synthesized by the small intestinal synthesis and attached to chylomicrons by
enterocytes and secreted into intestinal lymph during fat absorption. In
circulation, apoA-IV is associated with high density lipoproteins (HDL),
chylomicron remnants but a large portion is lipoprotein free. Functions of
circulating apoA-IV have been related to protection from cardiovascular disease
due to its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties, and because it can
mediate reverse-cholesterol transport. This review, however, focuses primarily
on several properties of apoA-IV that impact other metabolic functions related
to food intake, obesity and diabetes. In addition to participating in
triglyceride absorption, apoA-IV can act as an acute satiation factor through
both peripheral and central routes of action. It also modulates glucose
homeostasis through incretin-like effects on insulin secretion, and by
moderating hepatic glucose production. While apoA-IV receptors remain to be
conclusively identified, the latter modes of action suggest that this protein
holds therapeutic promise for treating metabolic disease.




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