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Publication
A selective gut bacterial bile salt hydrolase alters host metabolism.
Authors Yao L, Seaton SC, Ndousse-Fetter S, Adhikari AA, DiBenedetto N, Mina AI, Banks
AS, Bry L, Devlin AS
Submitted By Submitted Externally on 8/20/2018
Status Published
Journal eLife
Year 2018
Date Published 7/1/2018
Volume : Pages 7 : Not Specified
PubMed Reference 30014852
Abstract The human gut microbiota impacts host metabolism and has been implicated in the
pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndromes. However, defining the roles
of specific microbial activities and metabolites on host phenotypes has proven
challenging due to the complexity of the microbiome-host ecosystem. Here, we
identify strains from the abundant gut bacterial phylum Bacteroidetes that
display selective bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity. Using isogenic strains of
wild-type and BSH-deleted Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, we selectively modulated
the levels of the bile acid tauro-ß-muricholic acid in monocolonized gnotobiotic
mice. B. thetaiotaomicron BSH mutant-colonized mice displayed altered
metabolism, including reduced weight gain and respiratory exchange ratios, as
well as transcriptional changes in metabolic, circadian rhythm, and immune
pathways in the gut and liver. Our results demonstrate that metabolites
generated by a single microbial gene and enzymatic activity can profoundly alter
host metabolism and gene expression at local and organism-level scales.




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