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Publication
Studies in genetically modified mice implicate maternal HDL as a mediator of
fetal growth.
Authors Rebholz SL, Melchior JT, Davidson WS, Jones HN, Welge JA, Prentice AM, Moore SE,
Woollett LA
Submitted By Submitted Externally on 11/5/2018
Status Published
Journal FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Year 2018
Date Published 2/1/2018
Volume : Pages 32 : 717 - 727
PubMed Reference 28982731
Abstract Studies in humans have shown a direct association between maternal plasma
cholesterol concentrations and infant birthweight. Similarly, previous studies
in our laboratory have shown that chow-fed mice lacking apolipoprotein (apo)
A-I, the major protein in HDL, have low HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations
and smaller fetuses in midgestation. In the current study, we measured fetal
weights in mice with varying levels of apoA-I gene dose (knockout, wild-type,
and transgenic) and examined metabolic pathways known to affect fetal growth. As
expected, we found the differences in apoA-I expression led to changes in HDL
particle size and protein cargo as well as plasma cholesterol concentrations.
Fetal masses correlated directly with maternal plasma cholesterol and apoA-I
concentrations, but placental masses and histology did not differ between groups
of mice. There was no significant difference in glucose or amino acid transport
to the fetus or in expression levels of the glucose (glucose transporter 1 and
2) or amino acid (sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 and 2)
transporters in whole placentas, although there was a trend for greater uptake
of both nutrients in the whole fetal unit (fetus + placenta) of mice with
greater apoA-I levels; significant differences in transport rates occurred when
mice without apoA-I (knockout) vs. mice with apoA-I (wild-type and transgenic)
were compared. Glucose tolerance tests were improved in the mice with the
highest level of apoA-I, suggesting increased insulin-induced uptake of glucose
by tissues of apoA-I transgenic mice. Thus, maternal HDL is associated with
fetal growth, an effect that is likely mediated by plasma cholesterol or other
HDL-cargo, including apolipoproteins or complement system proteins. A direct
role of enhanced glucose and/or amino acid transport cannot be
excluded.-Rebholz, S. L., Melchior, J. T., Davidson, W. S., Jones, H. N., Welge,
J. A., Prentice, A. M., Moore, S. E., Woollett, L. A. Studies in genetically
modified mice implicate maternal HDL as a mediator of fetal growth.




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